Izinto eziphathekayo zeendawo eziphambili zevalve kufuneka ziqale ziqwalasele iimpawu ezibonakalayo (ubushushu, uxinzelelo) kunye neekhemikhali (i-corrosivity) yendawo yokusebenza.Ngexesha elifanayo, kuyimfuneko ukwazi ukucoceka kwendawo ephakathi (nokuba kukho iinqununu eziqinileyo).Ukongeza, imigaqo efanelekileyo kunye neemfuno zesebe likarhulumente kunye nabasebenzisi nazo ziya kubhekiswa kuzo.
Iintlobo ezininzi zezinto eziphathekayo zinokuhlangabezana neemfuno zenkonzo yeevalvu phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza.Nangona kunjalo, ubomi benkonzo yezoqoqosho kakhulu kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-valve kunokufumaneka ngokukhethwa okuchanekileyo kunye nokufanelekileyo kwezixhobo ze-valve.
Izinto eziqhelekileyo zomzimba wevalvu
1. Iivalve zentsimbi ezingwevu zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zoshishino ngenxa yexabiso eliphantsi kunye nobubanzi bokusetyenziswa.Ngokuqhelekileyo zisetyenziswa kwimeko yamanzi, i-steam, i-oyile kunye negesi njengento ephakathi, kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwishishini lemichiza, ukuprinta kunye nokudaya, i-oyile, i-textile kunye nezinye iimveliso zemizi-mveliso ezinempembelelo encinci okanye engenanto ekungcolisekeni kwentsimbi.
Isebenza kwiivalve zoxinzelelo oluphantsi kunye nokushisa okusebenzayo kwe-15 ~ 200 ℃ kunye noxinzelelo lwe-PN ≤ 1.6MPa.
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2. I-Black core intsimbi ethambileyo isetyenziswa kwiivalve eziphantsi kunye noxinzelelo oluphantsi kunye nobushushu bokusebenza phakathi - 15 ~ 300 ℃ kunye noxinzelelo lwe-PN ≤ 2.5MPa.
Imidiya esebenzayo ngamanzi, amanzi olwandle, igesi, i-ammonia, njl.
3. I-Nodular cast iron I-Nodular cast iron luhlobo lwentsimbi, oluluhlobo lwentsimbi.I-flake graphite kwintsimbi yentsimbi engwevu ithathelwe indawo yi-nodular graphite okanye iglobular graphite.Ukutshintshwa kolwakhiwo lwangaphakathi lwale ntsimbi lwenza iimpawu zalo zomatshini zibe ngcono kunezintsimbi eziqhelekileyo ezingwevu, kwaye azilonakalisi ezinye iimpawu.Ngoko ke, iivalve ezenziwe nge-iron ductile zinoxinzelelo lwenkonzo ephezulu kunezo zenziwe ngentsimbi engwevu.Isebenza kwi-valve ephakathi kunye nephantsi yoxinzelelo kunye nokushisa okusebenzayo - 30 ~ 350 ℃ kunye noxinzelelo lwe-PN ≤ 4.0MPa.
Indlela esetyenziswayo ngamanzi, amanzi olwandle, umphunga, umoya, igesi, ioli, njl.
4. Intsimbi yeCarbon (i-WCA, i-WCB, i-WCC) ekuqaleni iphuhliswe intsimbi etyhidiweyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zemveliso yezo zingaphaya kwamandla eentsimbi zentsimbi kunye neentsimbi zobhedu.Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokusebenza kakuhle kwenkonzo ye-carbon steel valves kunye nokuchasana kwabo okunamandla kuxinzelelo olubangelwa ukwanda kwe-thermal, umthwalo wempembelelo kunye nokuguqulwa kwemibhobho, ububanzi bokusetyenziswa kwabo kwandiswa, ngokuqhelekileyo kubandakanywa iimeko zokusebenza kweentsimbi zentsimbi kunye neevalve zobhedu.
Isebenza kwiivalvu zoxinzelelo oluphakathi kunye nophezulu kunye nobushushu bokusebenza obungu-29 ~ 425 ℃.Ubushushu be-16Mn kunye ne-30Mn buphakathi - 40 ~ 400 ℃, ehlala isetyenziselwa ukuthatha indawo ye-ASTM A105.Indawo esetyenziswayo ngumphunga ogcweleyo kunye nomphunga oshushu kakhulu.Iimveliso zeoli eziphakamileyo neziphantsi, irhasi enyibilikisiweyo, umoya ocinezelweyo, amanzi, igesi yendalo, njl.
5. Ukushisa okuphantsi kwe-carbon steel (LCB) Ukushisa okuphantsi kwe-carbon steel kunye ne-low nickel alloy steel ingasetyenziselwa kwiqondo lokushisa elingaphantsi kwe-zero, kodwa alinakwandiswa kwindawo ye-cryogenic.Iivalve ezenziwe ngezi zinto zifanelekile kumajelo alandelayo, njengamanzi olwandle, i-carbon dioxide, i-acetylene, i-propylene kunye ne-ethylene.
Isebenza kwiivalvu zobushushu obuphantsi kunye nobushushu bokusebenza phakathi - 46 ~ 345 ℃.
6. Iivalvu ezenziwe ngensimbi ephantsi ye-alloy (WC6, WC9) kunye nentsimbi ephantsi ye-alloy (efana ne-carbon molybdenum steel kunye ne-chromium molybdenum steel) ingasetyenziselwa iindlela ezininzi zokusebenza, kuquka i-saturated kunye ne-superheated steam, i-oyile ebandayo kunye neshushu, igesi yendalo. kunye nomoya.Ubushushu obusebenzayo bevalve yentsimbi yekhabhoni bunokuba ngama-500 ℃, kwaye elo levalve yentsimbi ephantsi inokuba ngaphezulu kwama-600 ℃.Kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu, iipropati zomatshini zentsimbi ephantsi ye-alloy ziphezulu kunezo zentsimbi ye-carbon.
Ubushushu obuphezulu kunye neevalvu zoxinzelelo oluphezulu zisebenza kwindawo engadlekiyo enobushushu obusebenzayo phakathi - 29 ~ 595 ℃;I-C5 kunye ne-C12 zisebenza kwi-high-temperature kunye ne-high-pressure valves kwi-corrosive media kunye nokushisa okusebenzayo phakathi kwe-29 kunye ne-650 ℃.
7. I-Austenitic stainless steels I-Austenitic stainless steels iqulethe malunga ne-18% ye-chromium kunye ne-8% ye-nickel.I-18-8 i-austenitic stainless steel isoloko isetyenziswa njengomzimba wevalve kunye nemathiriyeli yebhonethi phantsi kobushushu obuphezulu kunye nobushushu obuphantsi kunye neemeko eziqinileyo zomhlwa.Ukongeza i-molybdenum kwi-18-8 ye-matrix yensimbi engenasici kunye nokunyusa kancinane umxholo we-nickel kuya kwandisa kakhulu ukuxhathisa kwayo.Iivalvu ezenziwe ngale ntsimbi zinokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kushishino lweekhemikhali, ezifana nokuhambisa i-acetic acid, i-nitric acid, i-alkali, i-bleach, ukutya, ijusi yeziqhamo, i-carbonic acid, i-tanning liquid kunye nezinye iimveliso zamachiza.
Ukuze ufake isicelo kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu kwaye utshintshe ngakumbi ukubunjwa kwezinto eziphathekayo, i-niobium yongezwa kwintsimbi engenasici, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-18-10-Nb.Ubushushu bunokuba ngama-800 ℃.
I-Austenitic stainless steel idla ngokusetyenziswa kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi kakhulu kwaye ayiyi kuba brittle, ngoko ke iivalvu ezenziwe ngolu hlobo (ezifana ne-18-8 kunye ne-18-10-3Mo) zifanelekile kakhulu ukusebenza kumaqondo aphantsi.Umzekelo, ithutha igesi engamanzi, efana negesi yendalo, i-biogas, ioksijini kunye nenitrogen.
Isebenza kwiivalvu ezinobunzulu obuphakathi kunye nobushushu bokusebenza phakathi - 196 ~ 600 ℃.I-Austenitic steel stainless ikwayinto efanelekileyo yevalve yobushushu obuphantsi.
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8. Iiplastiki kunye neekeramics zombini zizinto ezingezo zetsimbi.Olona phawu lukhulu lweevalvu zezinto ezingezizo ezentsimbi luxhathiso oluluqilima lwe-corrosion, kwaye lude lube neengenelo ezingenakuba nazo iivalvu zezinto zentsimbi.Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziswa kumajelo eendaba ezonakalisayo ezinoxinzelelo lwegama elingu-PN ≤ 1.6MPa kunye nobushushu bokusebenza obungagqithiyo kuma-60 ℃, kunye ne-non-toxic SINGLE UNION BALL VALVE nazo ziyasebenza kushishino lonikezelo lwamanzi.Izinto eziphathekayo zeendawo eziphambili zevalve kufuneka ziqale ziqwalasele iimpawu ezibonakalayo (ubushushu, uxinzelelo) kunye neekhemikhali (i-corrosivity) yendawo yokusebenza.Ngexesha elifanayo, kuyimfuneko ukwazi ukucoceka kwendawo ephakathi (nokuba kukho iinqununu eziqinileyo).Ukongeza, imigaqo efanelekileyo kunye neemfuno zesebe likarhulumente kunye nabasebenzisi nazo ziya kubhekiswa kuzo.
Iintlobo ezininzi zezinto eziphathekayo zinokuhlangabezana neemfuno zenkonzo yeevalvu phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza.Nangona kunjalo, ubomi benkonzo yezoqoqosho kakhulu kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-valve kunokufumaneka ngokukhethwa okuchanekileyo kunye nokufanelekileyo kwezixhobo ze-valve.
Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-28-2023